September 02, 2025 4 Minute Read

• Healthcare supply chains are increasingly vulnerable to cyber threats through third-party vendors, cloud services, and connected medical devices.
• Ransomware in healthcare can shut down critical systems, delay treatment, and endanger patient safety.
• Stronger cybersecurity standards, vendor risk management, and cross-border threat intelligence are vital to securing the healthcare sector.

The digital interdependence of today’s healthcare supply chain has created new systemic risks.

Cybersecurity is no longer limited to internal systems, but vulnerabilities in the innumerable third-party suppliers can now expose entire networks to disruption. From patient records stored in the cloud to diagnostic tools and logistics platforms, every element is a potential entry point for attackers.

For more details on the threats, including those through third-party suppliers, please see the report Trustwave SpiderLabs Research: Cybersecurity Challenges for Healthcare in 2025.

To maximize harmful impact, cybercriminals target healthcare software providers, knowing that compromising a single vendor could grant them access to multiple hospitals and healthcare facilities at once.

A prime example of this was the 2022 ransomware attack on Advanced Computer Software Group, a major IT provider to the UK health and care sector. The breach, which exploited an account lacking multi-factor authentication, disrupted critical NHS services including NHS 111 and compromised the personal data of over 79,000 people, some of whom were receiving care in their own homes.

The Damage Done by Ransomware Attacks

Similarly, the ransomware attack on that pathology partnership, Synnovis, which occurred in 2024, caused significant disruptions to NHS services in South East London. The attack affected all Synnovis IT systems and severely reduced the capacity to process pathology samples. This led to delays in diagnostics and treatment, with multiple patients negatively impacted and some procedures postponed or cancelled altogether.

Such incidents serve as a stark reminder that the stakes in healthcare are uniquely high. A ransomware attack doesn’t just lock files. It freezes operating theatres, delays chemotherapy, or prevents prescriptions from being processed. In the worst-case scenario, such threats can result in clinical errors or delayed diagnoses, with life-threatening consequences.

Hospitals and healthcare providers cannot afford prolonged downtimes. Cybercriminals are aware of this vulnerability, making the healthcare sector one of the most targeted industries. The pressure to pay ransom and restore services quickly makes it a prime target for financially motivated attackers.

Medical devices are particularly at risk. Imagine a compromised infusion pump or a malfunctioning ventilator caused by tampered firmware. These aren’t just hypothetical threats, but rather, very real possibilities in today’s increasingly dangerous cyber environment.

In fact, as recently as January 2023, an insulin pump maker disclosed an IP address exposure. The following month, an infusion pump provider acknowledged a vulnerability enabling unauthorized access to personal data. Soon after, a cardioverter defibrillator product reported a vulnerability leading to a data breach affecting over 1 million individuals.

Such incidents underscore a harsh reality: when cybersecurity fails in healthcare, it’s not just data, but lives that are at stake.

Cybersecurity: National Risk and a Global Priority

In the UK, the NHS is one of the most trusted institutions, and maintaining public confidence is vital, but cybersecurity cannot be tackled in isolation. The cyber threat to the healthcare sector is not just a national risk but a part of a broader, international challenge. It requires a coordinated and cooperative response, both within the UK and with partners across Europe and beyond.

One critical component to strengthening the healthcare supply chain’s cyber defenses is cross-border threat intelligence sharing, as the digital nature of healthcare means attacks can come from anywhere. UK institutions, cybersecurity companies, and government agencies must work closely with their international counterparts to share threat intelligence, track criminal activity, and respond rapidly to emerging risks. This includes monitoring forums where NHS-related data may be traded or discussed.

Shared intelligence is also only effective when it’s specific and actionable. The healthcare supply chain has unique challenges that require a tailored analysis. National bodies such as the National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC), in collaboration with industry consortia, should lead efforts to coordinate information-sharing networks tailored to healthcare.

Additionally, the NHS and private healthcare providers alike must begin to impose more stringent security standards on their vendors and partners. As best practice, contracts should clearly spell out responsibilities around breach notification, data protection and compliance with UK regulations such as the Data Protection Act and NHS DSP Toolkit standards. Adopting a zero-trust architecture can help mitigate the impact of supply chain breaches.

Government Efforts Coming in to Play

Efforts to this effect are already underway, with the government drawing up the Cyber Security and Resilience Bill. Set to be introduced in Parliament in 2025, this Bill aims to bolster the UK's cyber defenses by expanding regulatory coverage to include more digital services and supply chains, both of which are increasingly targeted by cybercriminals.

With recent high-profile cyberattacks on critical public services such as the NHS underscoring the urgency, the Bill will address vulnerabilities in the nation’s critical infrastructure, ensuring that essential services like healthcare are better protected. It will also enhance reporting requirements to improve the government's understanding of emerging threats and provide regulators with the tools needed to proactively identify and address potential risks.

Alongside external collaboration and regulation, the internal cyber defenses of UK’s healthcare providers must also be brought up to par. That starts with culture.

Frontline NHS staff and administrators must receive regular training in phishing, social engineering and password security. Moreover, implementing multi-factor authentication (MFA), robust access control and continuous monitoring significantly reduce the risk of future cyberattacks. Finally, legacy systems must be patched regularly, and backup and data recovery plans should be tested and refined to ensure that healthcare services can bounce back quickly from any disruption.

Cybersecurity as Public Health Requirement

At the end of the day, securing the healthcare supply chain is not just a technical task, but rather, it’s a duty of care. Patients trust their healthcare providers to keep their data and their lives safe. As the digital thread in healthcare becomes more essential to how we diagnose, treat and deliver care, this trust must extend to the technologies and the third-party suppliers our healthcare providers choose to partner with.

Recent cyber incidents in the healthcare supply chain are not isolated attacks. They are signals that action must be taken now and in collaboration to close the security gaps and protect the arteries of our healthcare system. Only through shared responsibility, strong standards, and relentless vigilance can we ensure that the technologies meant to heal do not become the very vectors of harm.

A version of this article originally appeared on Tech Radar: The growing shadow in healthcare: securing the vulnerable supply chain | TechRadar