得益于Unicorn的强大的指令trace能力,可以很容易实现对cpu执行的每一条汇编指令的跟踪,进而对ollvm保护的函数进行剪枝,去掉虚假块,大大提高逆向分析效率。请分别使用Unidbg和Stalker引擎完成对该app中的jnicheck函数的trace跟踪,并简单分析该apk逻辑,找出flag。
首先是用unidbg简单的实现下调用。结果出现问题。
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Please vm.setJni(jni)at com.github.unidbg.linux.android.dvm.Hashable.checkJni(Hashable.java:8)at com.github.unidbg.linux.android.dvm.DvmClass.getStaticMethodID(DvmClass.java:101)at com.github.unidbg.linux.android.dvm.DalvikVM64$110.handle(DalvikVM64.java:1697)
很明显的提示让我们加上setJni。加上后,并且修改类继承自AbstractJni。然后再来一次。然后又出现错误。
JNIEnv->GetStaticMethodID(com/kanxue/crackme/MainActivity.crypt2(Ljava/lang/String;)Z) => 0xf66a2c58 was called from RX@0x40028d98[libnative-lib.so]0x28d98[23:35:36 063] WARN [com.github.unidbg.linux.ARM64SyscallHandler] (ARM64SyscallHandler:369) - handleInterrupt intno=2, NR=-129104, svcNumber=0x172, PC=unidbg@0xfffe07b4, LR=RX@0x400291c8[libnative-lib.so]0x291c8, syscall=nulljava.lang.UnsupportedOperationException: com/kanxue/crackme/MainActivity->crypt2(Ljava/lang/String;)Zat com.github.unidbg.linux.android.dvm.AbstractJni.callStaticBooleanMethodV(AbstractJni.java:169)at com.github.unidbg.linux.android.dvm.AbstractJni.callStaticBooleanMethodV(AbstractJni.java:164)
看着好像是没有找到这个静态函数的实现的样子。但是我测试,直接调用这个crypt2函数是没问题的。那么问题可能就是出在jni函数的内部调用jni函数了。然后既然我们已知直接调用crypt2没问题。实际上我们也可以直接调用crypt2来分析即可。但是既然是作业,那么还是跑通一下吧。那么我自己重写实现一下内部的调用。
@Overridepublic boolean callStaticBooleanMethodV(BaseVM vm, DvmClass dvmClass, String signature, VaList vaList) {switch (signature){case "com/kanxue/crackme/MainActivity->crypt2(Ljava/lang/String;)Z":Symbol symbol=module.findSymbolByName("Java_com_kanxue_crackme_MainActivity_crypt2");StringObject str=vaList.getObjectArg(0);Number num=module.callFunction(emulator,symbol.getAddress(),str.toString());return num.intValue()>0;}throw new UnsupportedOperationException(signature);}
然后又出现问题了。错误如下:
java.lang.IllegalStateException: runningat com.github.unidbg.AbstractEmulator.emulate(AbstractEmulator.java:358)at com.github.unidbg.thread.Function64.run(Function64.java:39)at com.github.unidbg.thread.MainTask.dispatch(MainTask.java:19)at com.github.unidbg.thread.UniThreadDispatcher.run(UniThreadDispatcher.java:172)
大致意思就是虚拟机正在运行中,不能再调用另外一个jni函数。也就是说再callFunction中执行一个函数,实际就是开一个虚拟机去执行,然后因为这个虚拟机正在执行中,就不能调用另外一个函数。所以。我决定用两个虚拟机,就不会有问题啦。下面贴上完整代码。
package com.zuoye;import com.github.unidbg.AndroidEmulator;import com.github.unidbg.LibraryResolver;import com.github.unidbg.Module;import com.github.unidbg.linux.android.AndroidEmulatorBuilder;import com.github.unidbg.linux.android.AndroidResolver;import com.github.unidbg.linux.android.dvm.*;import com.github.unidbg.memory.Memory;import java.io.File;public class KanxueTest extends AbstractJni {private final AndroidEmulator emulator;private final VM vm;private final DvmClass mainActivityDvm;private final Module module;public static void main(String[] args) {KanxueTest bcfTest = new KanxueTest();bcfTest.call_jnicheck();}private KanxueTest(){emulator = AndroidEmulatorBuilder.for64Bit().build();Memory memory = emulator.getMemory();LibraryResolver resolver = new AndroidResolver(23);memory.setLibraryResolver(resolver);vm = emulator.createDalvikVM();vm.setVerbose(true);vm.setJni(this);mainActivityDvm = vm.resolveClass("com/kanxue/crackme/MainActivity");DalvikModule dm = vm.loadLibrary(new File("unidbg-android/src/test/resources/example_binaries/arm64-v8a/libnative-lib.so"), false);module=dm.getModule();dm.callJNI_OnLoad(emulator);}@Overridepublic boolean callStaticBooleanMethodV(BaseVM vm, DvmClass dvmClass, String signature, VaList vaList) {switch (signature){case "com/kanxue/crackme/MainActivity->crypt2(Ljava/lang/String;)Z":StringObject input=vaList.getObjectArg(0);KanxueTest test2=new KanxueTest();return test2.crypt2(input.getValue());}throw new UnsupportedOperationException(signature);}//主动调用目标函数private void call_jnicheck(){Boolean res = mainActivityDvm.callStaticJniMethodBoolean(emulator, "jnicheck(Ljava/lang/String;)Z","aasd1123");System.out.println(res);}private boolean crypt2(String data){Boolean res = mainActivityDvm.callStaticJniMethodBoolean(emulator, "crypt2(Ljava/lang/String;)Z",data);return res;}}
这次就成功执行完成了,结果如下:
Find native function Java_com_kanxue_crackme_MainActivity_jnicheck => RX@0x40025904[libnative-lib.so]0x25904JNIEnv->GetStringUtfChars("aasd1123") was called from RX@0x400270a4[libnative-lib.so]0x270a4JNIEnv->NewStringUTF("aasd1123666") was called from RX@0x40027640[libnative-lib.so]0x27640JNIEnv->GetStringUtfChars("aasd1123666") was called from RX@0x400270a4[libnative-lib.so]0x270a4JNIEnv->FindClass(com/kanxue/crackme/MainActivity) was called from RX@0x40028008[libnative-lib.so]0x28008JNIEnv->GetStaticMethodID(com/kanxue/crackme/MainActivity.crypt2(Ljava/lang/String;)Z) => 0xf66a2c58 was called from RX@0x40028d98[libnative-lib.so]0x28d98Find native function Java_com_kanxue_crackme_MainActivity_crypt2 => RX@0x40029750[libnative-lib.so]0x29750JNIEnv->GetStringUtfChars(""aasd1123666"") was called from RX@0x400270a4[libnative-lib.so]0x270a4JNIEnv->CallStaticBooleanMethodV(class com/kanxue/crackme/MainActivity, crypt2("aasd1123666") => false) was called from RX@0x400291c8[libnative-lib.so]0x291c8false
接下来就是开启trace分析这个对比的逻辑,找到那个flag。
根据上面的日志,就可以看到实际上第一个函数就是讲字符串给加上666。
aasd1123 -> jnicheck -> aasd1123666 -> crypt2所以关键是看crypt2的逻辑了。接着是对汇编执行对部分进行trace。这里我使用我之前写的trace方案。
https://github.com/dqzg12300/unidbg_tools.git
这里我自己封装了一套对trace的优化处理,能够打印ldr的内容。以及寄存器的详细变化。下面是调整后的代码。
//主动调用目标函数private void call_jnicheck(){KingTrace trace1=new KingTrace(emulator);//dump ldr的数据。包括ldr赋值给寄存器的如果是指针,也会dumpGlobalData.is_dump_ldr=true;//dump str的数据GlobalData.is_dump_str=true;trace1.initialize(0x40025904,0x40025904+0x162c,null);emulator.getBackend().hook_add_new(trace1,0x40025904,0x40025904+0x162c,emulator);Boolean res = mainActivityDvm.callStaticJniMethodBoolean(emulator, "jnicheck(Ljava/lang/String;)Z","XUe");System.out.println(res);}private boolean crypt2(String data){KingTrace trace1=new KingTrace(emulator);//dump ldr的数据。包括ldr赋值给寄存器的如果是指针,也会dumpGlobalData.is_dump_ldr=true;//dump str的数据GlobalData.is_dump_str=true;trace1.initialize(0x40029750,0x40029750+0x30c,null);emulator.getBackend().hook_add_new(trace1,0x40029750,0x40029750+0x30c,emulator);Boolean res = mainActivityDvm.callStaticJniMethodBoolean(emulator, "crypt2(Ljava/lang/String;)Z",data);return res;}
由于我们前面知道了处理后的字符串会固定带一个666.所以我在trace的数据里面直接找666.然后就找到了一段数据如下:
[22:53:56 379]ldr_left_address:bffff680 dump, md5=bff7dd55d78b9378f9b117f668e032f6, hex=616173643131323336363600000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000size: 480000: 61 61 73 64 31 31 32 33 36 36 36 00 00 00 00 00 aasd1123666.....0010: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................0020: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................^-----------------------------------------------------------------------------^[libnative-lib.so 0x297dc] [e04f00b9] 0x400297dc: "str w0, [sp, #0x4c]"-----w0=0xb sp=0xbffff5f0 //w0=0xb[libnative-lib.so 0x297e0] [e00308aa] 0x400297e0: "mov x0, x8"-----x0=0xb x8=0xbffff680 //x0=0xbffff680[libnative-lib.so 0x297e4] [ebe2ff97] 0x400297e4: "bl #0x40022390"[libnative-lib.so 0x297e8] [a00c0036] 0x400297e8: "tbz w0, #0, #0x4002997c"-----w0=0x0 //w0=0x0[libnative-lib.so 0x2997c] [e8031f2a] 0x4002997c: "mov w8, wzr"-----w8=0x0 //w8=0x0[libnative-lib.so 0x29980] [a8c31738] 0x40029980: "sturb w8, [x29, #-0x84]"-----w8=0x0 x29=0xbffff700 //w8=0x0
这里ldr拿到了我们入参到指针后,跳转到了22390这个位置的函数来处理。接下来我们把这个函数也trace一下。
private boolean crypt2(String data){//dump ldr的数据。包括ldr赋值给寄存器的如果是指针,也会dumpGlobalData.is_dump_ldr=true;//dump str的数据GlobalData.is_dump_str=true;KingTrace trace1=new KingTrace(emulator);trace1.initialize(0x40029750,0x40029750+0x30c,null);emulator.getBackend().hook_add_new(trace1,0x40029750,0x40029750+0x30c,emulator);KingTrace trace2=new KingTrace(emulator);trace2.initialize(0x40022390,0x40022390+0x2574,null);emulator.getBackend().hook_add_new(trace2,0x40022390,0x40022390+0x2574,emulator);Boolean res = mainActivityDvm.callStaticJniMethodBoolean(emulator, "crypt2(Ljava/lang/String;)Z",data);return res;}
然后ida打开看一下这个函数里面的大致内容。然后发现里面调用了strcmp,这个很明显用来对比的函数,看下这个函数的地址如下:
这里说明调用FA0这个地址函数的,就是对比的函数,我们可以选择用unidbg来进行hook打印,也可以断点查入参数来查看,接着搜索一下trace的记录,发现这个函数调用只有一处。
[libnative-lib.so 0x22464] [a8035cf8] 0x40022464: "ldur x8, [x29, #-0x40]"-----x8=0x1 x29=0xbffff5e0 //x8=0xbffff140[libnative-lib.so 0x22468] [00011ff8] 0x40022468: "stur x0, [x8, #-0x10]"-----x0=0x40359000 x8=0xbffff140 //x0=0x40359000[libnative-lib.so 0x2246c] [490000d0] 0x4002246c: "adrp x9, #0x4002c000"-----x9=0x1 //x9=0x4002c000[libnative-lib.so 0x22470] [206540f9] 0x40022470: "ldr x0, [x9, #0xc8]"-----x0=0x40359000 x9=0x4002c000 //x0=0x40358000>-----------------------------------------------------------------------------<[23:12:20 478]ldr_left_address:40358000 dump, md5=b9f0352c6f0897767968eee7fdbed86f, hex=5746566c4e6a593200000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000size: 480000: 57 46 56 6C 4E 6A 59 32 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 WFVlNjY2........0010: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................0020: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................^-----------------------------------------------------------------------------^[libnative-lib.so 0x22474] [01015ff8] 0x40022474: "ldur x1, [x8, #-0x10]"-----x1=0xb x8=0xbffff140 //x1=0x40359000[libnative-lib.so 0x22478] [ca7aff97] 0x40022478: "bl #0x40000fa0"[libnative-lib.so 0x2247c] [00000071] 0x4002247c: "subs w0, w0, #0"-----w0=0xffffffdf w0=0xffffffdf //w0=0xffffffdf
所以查一下这里进行对比的两个值,我是在调试中查看的,结果如下:
>-----------------------------------------------------------------------------<[23:13:25 680]x0=RW@0x40358000, md5=29dd7f057f3a9dda3b877e393e53b6da, hex=5746566c4e6a59320000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000size: 1120000: 57 46 56 6C 4E 6A 59 32 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 WFVlNjY2........0010: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................0020: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................0030: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................0040: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................0050: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................0060: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................^-----------------------------------------------------------------------------^mx1>-----------------------------------------------------------------------------<[23:13:27 638]x1=RW@0x40359000, md5=b500df35613831c3228d09ff59574abc, hex=5957467a5a4445784d6a4d324e6a593d000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000size: 1120000: 59 57 46 7A 5A 44 45 78 4D 6A 4D 32 4E 6A 59 3D YWFzZDExMjM2NjY=0010: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................0020: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................0030: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................0040: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................0050: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................0060: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
看着是两个base64,转换一下后得到:
WFVlNjY2 -> XUe666YWFzZDExMjM2NjY= -> aasd1123666
那么这个结果就拿到了。直接用XUe来调用jnicheck函数,就成功了。
实际上这个结果我们用ida搜索666的字符串也是可以拿到的。不过我还是走一下分析的流程。
=========================================================
stalker的部分,其实主要还是trace汇编记录出来,分析流程大致相同,而stalker早期我有进行工具的整合,处理过这一部分。我把当时写的部分拿贴一下吧。
//这个地方实际上是每个block触发的,所以我们在触发的时候,要把整个block内的指令全部传递给pyfunction stalkerTraceRange(tid, base, size) {Stalker.follow(tid, {transform: (iterator) => {const instruction = iterator.next();const startAddress = instruction.address;const isModuleCode = startAddress.compare(base) >= 0 &&startAddress.compare(base.add(size)) < 0;// const isModuleCode = true;//遍历出所有指令do {iterator.keep();if (isModuleCode) {//将指令传递给pyvar address=ptr(instruction["address"]-moduleBase);send({type: 'inst',tid: tid,block: startAddress,val: JSON.stringify(instruction),jsname:"sktrace",moduleBase:moduleBase,address:address,})//block执行结束后,再给python发个包通知下。iterator.putCallout((context) => {var callOutAddress=ptr(context.pc-moduleBase)send({type: 'ctx',tid: tid,val: JSON.stringify(context),jsname:"sktrace",moduleBase:moduleBase,address:callOutAddress})})}} while (iterator.next() !== null);// if(flag){// send(data)// }}})}//对指定地址进行tracefunction traceAddr(addr) {let moduleMap = new ModuleMap();let targetModule = moduleMap.find(addr);var msg=initMessage();msg["data"]=JSON.stringify(targetModule);send(msg);let exports = targetModule.enumerateExports();let symbols = targetModule.enumerateSymbols();Interceptor.attach(addr, {onEnter: function(args) {this.tid = Process.getCurrentThreadId()// 这里两种模式,有一个是c的模式来处理,方便直接在js中对二进制进行输出打印。// stalkerTraceRangeC(this.tid, targetModule.base, targetModule.size)// 这个模式是将结果传递到py里面进行输出stalkerTraceRange(this.tid, targetModule.base, targetModule.size)},onLeave: function(ret) {Stalker.unfollow(this.tid);Stalker.garbageCollect()send({type: "fin",tid: this.tid,jsname:"sktrace"})}})}//对指定符号函数,或者是指定地址进行tracefunction trace(symbol,offset){const targetModule = Process.getModuleByName(libname);moduleBase=targetModule.base;let targetAddress = null;//如果填了符号函数名,就优先根据函数名查找地址if(symbol.length>0) {targetAddress = targetModule.findExportByName(symbol);} else if(offset.length>0) {var offsetData=parseInt(offset,16);targetAddress = targetModule.base.add(ptr(offsetData));}traceAddr(targetAddress)}
上面处理完了在js中获取每个block的指令,下面就是看py中如何处理解析这些指令进行打印。
def sktrace_message(self,p):# 根据我们上面定义的结构,逐步解析if "data" in p:self.outlog(p["data"])returnoptype=p["type"]# 如果这条推送数据是block中的指令if optype=="inst":# print(p)inst=json.loads(p["val"])address=int(p["address"],16)oplist=[]for opdata in inst["operands"]:if opdata["type"]=="reg":if opdata["value"] not in oplist:oplist.append(opdata["value"])elif opdata["type"]=="mem":memdata=opdata["value"]if memdata["base"] not in oplist:oplist.append(memdata["base"])enddata = ""for item in oplist:enddata+="%s={%s} "%(item,item)outdata="tid:%s address:%s %s %s\t\t//%s"%(str(p["tid"]),str(hex(address)),inst["mnemonic"],inst["opStr"],enddata)self.outlog(outdata)elif optype=="ctx": # 如果这个是当前block结束的通知context=json.loads(p["val"])address=int(p["address"],16)self.outlog("tid:" +str(p["tid"])+" address:"+str(hex(address))+" context:"+ p["val"])else:self.outlog(json.dumps(p))
这段处理是来自我之前写的项目https://github.com/dqzg12300/fridaUiTools.git
简单测试过没啥问题。这里我就不详细测试这个作业了。
看雪ID:misskings
https://bbs.kanxue.com/user-home-659397.htm
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