【Linux命令】每天一个Linux命令（5）：cp命令
2023-6-3 00:4:11 Author: 利刃信安攻防实验室(查看原文) 阅读量:16 收藏

每天一个Linux命令（5）：cp命令

命令：
cp
描述：cp（copy）用于复制文件或目录。
语法：
cp [选项] 源文件 目标文件
常用选项：
  • -r：复制目录及其内容。
  • -i：在复制文件之前进行交互式确认。
  • -v：显示每个复制操作的详细信息。
示例：
1.
复制文件到目标位置：
cp file1.txt file2.txt

这将复制 file1.txt 文件并将其命名为 file2.txt。

2.

复制多个文件到目标位置：
cp file1.txt file2.txt directory/
这将同时复制 file1.txt 和 file2.txt 文件到 directory/ 目录。

3.
复制目录及其内容到目标位置：
cp -r sourcedir/ destination/
这将复制 sourcedir/ 目录及其所有内容到 destination/ 目录。

4.
在复制文件之前进行交互式确认：
cp -i file.txt destination/
这将在复制 file.txt 文件到 destination/ 目录之前进行交互式确认。

特别提醒：

注意： 
使用cp -i命令时，当目标文件已存在时，系统会提示您确认是否覆盖目标文件。您可以输入y来确认覆盖，或者输入n来取消复制操作。这种交互式确认可以帮助您避免意外覆盖文件。
请注意，cp -i命令只在目标文件已存在时才会进行确认。如果目标文件不存在，它将自动进行复制操作而不会提示确认。如果您希望在每次复制操作之前都进行确认，不论目标文件是否存在，可以使用cp -i命令结合-R选项来复制目录及其内容。例如：cp -iR sourcedir/ destination/。这将对每个文件和目录进行交互式确认，包括目标目录本身的确认。
[[email protected] ~]# cp --helpUsage: cp [OPTION]... [-T] SOURCE DEST  or:  cp [OPTION]... SOURCE... DIRECTORY  or:  cp [OPTION]... -t DIRECTORY SOURCE...Copy SOURCE to DEST, or multiple SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.  -a, --archive                same as -dR --preserve=all      --attributes-only        don't copy the file data, just the attributes      --backup[=CONTROL]       make a backup of each existing destination file  -b                           like --backup but does not accept an argument      --copy-contents          copy contents of special files when recursive  -d                           same as --no-dereference --preserve=links  -f, --force                  if an existing destination file cannot be                                 opened, remove it and try again (this option                                 is ignored when the -n option is also used)  -i, --interactive            prompt before overwrite (overrides a previous -n                                  option)  -H                           follow command-line symbolic links in SOURCE  -l, --link                   hard link files instead of copying  -L, --dereference            always follow symbolic links in SOURCE  -n, --no-clobber             do not overwrite an existing file (overrides                                 a previous -i option)  -P, --no-dereference         never follow symbolic links in SOURCE  -p                           same as --preserve=mode,ownership,timestamps      --preserve[=ATTR_LIST]   preserve the specified attributes (default:                                 mode,ownership,timestamps), if possible                                 additional attributes: context, links, xattr,                                 all  -c                           deprecated, same as --preserve=context      --no-preserve=ATTR_LIST  don't preserve the specified attributes      --parents                use full source file name under DIRECTORY  -R, -r, --recursive          copy directories recursively      --reflink[=WHEN]         control clone/CoW copies. See below      --remove-destination     remove each existing destination file before                                 attempting to open it (contrast with --force)      --sparse=WHEN            control creation of sparse files. See below      --strip-trailing-slashes  remove any trailing slashes from each SOURCE                                 argument  -s, --symbolic-link          make symbolic links instead of copying  -S, --suffix=SUFFIX          override the usual backup suffix  -t, --target-directory=DIRECTORY  copy all SOURCE arguments into DIRECTORY  -T, --no-target-directory    treat DEST as a normal file  -u, --update                 copy only when the SOURCE file is newer                                 than the destination file or when the                                 destination file is missing  -v, --verbose                explain what is being done  -x, --one-file-system        stay on this file system  -Z                           set SELinux security context of destination                                 file to default type      --context[=CTX]          like -Z, or if CTX is specified then set the                                 SELinux or SMACK security context to CTX      --help     display this help and exit      --version  output version information and exit
By default, sparse SOURCE files are detected by a crude heuristic and thecorresponding DEST file is made sparse as well.  That is the behaviorselected by --sparse=auto.  Specify --sparse=always to create a sparse DESTfile whenever the SOURCE file contains a long enough sequence of zero bytes.Use --sparse=never to inhibit creation of sparse files.
When --reflink[=always] is specified, perform a lightweight copy, where thedata blocks are copied only when modified.  If this is not possible the copyfails, or if --reflink=auto is specified, fall back to a standard copy.Use --reflink=never to ensure a standard copy is performed.
The backup suffix is '~', unless set with --suffix or SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX.The version control method may be selected via the --backup option or throughthe VERSION_CONTROL environment variable.  Here are the values:
  none, off       never make backups (even if --backup is given)  numbered, t     make numbered backups  existing, nil   numbered if numbered backups exist, simple otherwise  simple, never   always make simple backups
As a special case, cp makes a backup of SOURCE when the force and backupoptions are given and SOURCE and DEST are the same name for an existing,regular file.
GNU coreutils online help: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>Full documentation <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/cp>or available locally via: info '(coreutils) cp invocation'[[email protected] ~]# cp --helpUsage: cp [OPTION]... [-T] SOURCE DEST  or:  cp [OPTION]... SOURCE... DIRECTORY  or:  cp [OPTION]... -t DIRECTORY SOURCE...Copy SOURCE to DEST, or multiple SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.  -a, --archive                same as -dR --preserve=all      --attributes-only        don't copy the file data, just the attributes      --backup[=CONTROL]       make a backup of each existing destination file  -b                           like --backup but does not accept an argument      --copy-contents          copy contents of special files when recursive  -d                           same as --no-dereference --preserve=links  -f, --force                  if an existing destination file cannot be                                 opened, remove it and try again (this option                                 is ignored when the -n option is also used)  -i, --interactive            prompt before overwrite (overrides a previous -n                                  option)  -H                           follow command-line symbolic links in SOURCE  -l, --link                   hard link files instead of copying  -L, --dereference            always follow symbolic links in SOURCE  -n, --no-clobber             do not overwrite an existing file (overrides                                 a previous -i option)  -P, --no-dereference         never follow symbolic links in SOURCE  -p                           same as --preserve=mode,ownership,timestamps      --preserve[=ATTR_LIST]   preserve the specified attributes (default:                                 mode,ownership,timestamps), if possible                                 additional attributes: context, links, xattr,                                 all  -c                           deprecated, same as --preserve=context      --no-preserve=ATTR_LIST  don't preserve the specified attributes      --parents                use full source file name under DIRECTORY  -R, -r, --recursive          copy directories recursively      --reflink[=WHEN]         control clone/CoW copies. See below      --remove-destination     remove each existing destination file before                                 attempting to open it (contrast with --force)      --sparse=WHEN            control creation of sparse files. See below      --strip-trailing-slashes  remove any trailing slashes from each SOURCE                                 argument  -s, --symbolic-link          make symbolic links instead of copying  -S, --suffix=SUFFIX          override the usual backup suffix  -t, --target-directory=DIRECTORY  copy all SOURCE arguments into DIRECTORY  -T, --no-target-directory    treat DEST as a normal file  -u, --update                 copy only when the SOURCE file is newer                                 than the destination file or when the                                 destination file is missing  -v, --verbose                explain what is being done  -x, --one-file-system        stay on this file system  -Z                           set SELinux security context of destination                                 file to default type      --context[=CTX]          like -Z, or if CTX is specified then set the                                 SELinux or SMACK security context to CTX      --help     display this help and exit      --version  output version information and exit
By default, sparse SOURCE files are detected by a crude heuristic and thecorresponding DEST file is made sparse as well.  That is the behaviorselected by --sparse=auto.  Specify --sparse=always to create a sparse DESTfile whenever the SOURCE file contains a long enough sequence of zero bytes.Use --sparse=never to inhibit creation of sparse files.
When --reflink[=always] is specified, perform a lightweight copy, where thedata blocks are copied only when modified.  If this is not possible the copyfails, or if --reflink=auto is specified, fall back to a standard copy.Use --reflink=never to ensure a standard copy is performed.
The backup suffix is '~', unless set with --suffix or SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX.The version control method may be selected via the --backup option or throughthe VERSION_CONTROL environment variable.  Here are the values:
  none, off       never make backups (even if --backup is given)  numbered, t     make numbered backups  existing, nil   numbered if numbered backups exist, simple otherwise  simple, never   always make simple backups
As a special case, cp makes a backup of SOURCE when the force and backupoptions are given and SOURCE and DEST are the same name for an existing,regular file.
GNU coreutils online help: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>Full documentation <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/cp>or available locally via: info '(coreutils) cp invocation'


文章来源: http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzU1Mjk3MDY1OA==&mid=2247504399&idx=2&sn=b698695c5918223c1280c7127248036b&chksm=fbfb62c2cc8cebd4537007c0184a66f6f9f5b3ef303721715d51123ed04ec629c623749d4ce1#rd
如有侵权请联系:admin#unsafe.sh